Óòâåðæäåí è
ââåäåí â äåéñòâèå
Ïîñòàíîâëåíèåì
Ãîññòàíäàðòà ÑÑÑÐ
îò 22 èþëÿ 1981 ã.
N 3483
ÃÎÑÓÄÀÐÑÒÂÅÍÍÛÉ ÑÒÀÍÄÀÐÒ ÑÎÞÇÀ ÑÑÐ
ÏËÀÑÒÌÀÑÑÛ, ÏÎËÈÌÅÐÛ È ÑÈÍÒÅÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÑÌÎËÛ
ÕÈÌÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÍÀÈÌÅÍÎÂÀÍÈß, ÒÅÐÌÈÍÛ È ÎÏÐÅÄÅËÅÍÈß
Plastics, polymers and
synthetic resins.
Chemical names, terms and
definitions
ÃÎÑÒ 24888-81
Ãðóïïà Ë00
Ïîñòàíîâëåíèåì
Ãîñóäàðñòâåííîãî êîìèòåòà ÑÑÑÐ ïî ñòàíäàðòàì îò 22 èþëÿ 1981 ã. N 3483 ñðîê
ââåäåíèÿ óñòàíîâëåí ñ 01.07.1982.
Ðàçðàáîòàí
Ìèíèñòåðñòâîì õèìè÷åñêîé ïðîìûøëåííîñòè.
Èñïîëíèòåëè: Â.È.
Ñåðåíêîâ, Â.Â. Êîâðèãà, Å.Ë. Òàòåâîñÿí, Ò.Ä. Ëåâ÷óêîâà, Ò.À. Âàíþøêèíà.
Âíåñåí
Ìèíèñòåðñòâîì õèìè÷åñêîé ïðîìûøëåííîñòè.
×ëåí Êîëëåãèè Â.Ô.
Ðîñòóíîâ.
Íàñòîÿùèé ñòàíäàðò
óñòàíàâëèâàåò ïðèìåíÿåìûå â íàóêå, òåõíèêå è ïðîèçâîäñòâå òåðìèíû è îïðåäåëåíèÿ
ïîíÿòèé, îòíîñÿùèõñÿ ê õèìè÷åñêèì íàèìåíîâàíèÿì ïëàñòìàññ, ïîëèìåðîâ è
ñèíòåòè÷åñêèõ ñìîë.
Òåðìèíû,
óñòàíîâëåííûå ñòàíäàðòîì, îáÿçàòåëüíû äëÿ ïðèìåíåíèÿ â äîêóìåíòàöèè âñåõ âèäîâ,
íàó÷íî-òåõíè÷åñêîé, ó÷åáíîé è ñïðàâî÷íîé ëèòåðàòóðå.
Äëÿ êàæäîãî ïîíÿòèÿ
óñòàíîâëåí îäèí ñòàíäàðòèçîâàííûé òåðìèí. Ïðèìåíåíèå òåðìèíîâ-ñèíîíèìîâ
ñòàíäàðòèçîâàííîãî òåðìèíà çàïðåùàåòñÿ. Íåäîïóñòèìûå ê ïðèìåíåíèþ
òåðìèíû-ñèíîíèìû ïðèâåäåíû â ñòàíäàðòå â êà÷åñòâå ñïðàâî÷íûõ è îáîçíà÷åíû
"Íäï".
Äëÿ îòäåëüíûõ
ñòàíäàðòèçîâàííûõ òåðìèíîâ â ñòàíäàðòå ïðèâåäåíû â êà÷åñòâå ñïðàâî÷íûõ èõ
êðàòêèå ôîðìû, êîòîðûå ðàçðåøàåòñÿ ïðèìåíÿòü â ñëó÷àÿõ, èñêëþ÷àþùèõ âîçìîæíîñòü
èõ ðàçëè÷íîãî òîëêîâàíèÿ.
Óñòàíîâëåííûå
îïðåäåëåíèÿ ìîæíî, ïðè íåîáõîäèìîñòè, èçìåíÿòü ïî ôîðìå èçëîæåíèÿ, íå äîïóñêàÿ
íàðóøåíèÿ ãðàíèö ïîíÿòèé.
 ñòàíäàðòå â
êà÷åñòâå ñïðàâî÷íûõ ïðèâåäåíû èíîñòðàííûå ýêâèâàëåíòû ñòàíäàðòèçîâàííûõ
òåðìèíîâ íà íåìåöêîì (D), àíãëèéñêîì (E) è ôðàíöóçñêîì (F) ÿçûêàõ.
 ñòàíäàðòå
ïðèâåäåíû àëôàâèòíûå óêàçàòåëè ñîäåðæàùèõñÿ â íåì òåðìèíîâ íà ðóññêîì ÿçûêå è
èõ èíîñòðàííûõ ýêâèâàëåíòîâ.
 ñòàíäàðòå èìååòñÿ
ñïðàâî÷íîå Ïðèëîæåíèå 1, ñîäåðæàùåå ïðàâèëà ïîñòðîåíèÿ íàèìåíîâàíèé ïëàñòìàññ,
è ñïðàâî÷íîå Ïðèëîæåíèå 2, ñîäåðæàùåå òåðìèíû è îïðåäåëåíèÿ îáùèõ ïîíÿòèé.
Ñòàíäàðòèçîâàííûå
òåðìèíû íàáðàíû ïîëóæèðíûì øðèôòîì, èõ êðàòêàÿ ôîðìà - ñâåòëûì, à íåäîïóñòèìûå
ñèíîíèìû - êóðñèâîì.
─────────────────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────
Òåðìèí │ Îïðåäåëåíèå
─────────────────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────
ÎÁÙÈÅ ÏÎÍßÒÈß
1. #Ñîñòàâíîå çâåíî# Âûäåëÿåìàÿ ãðóïïà àòîìîâ,
E.
Constitutional unit ñ
ïîìîùüþ êîòîðîé ìîæíî
F.
Motif constitutionnel
îïèñûâàòü ñòðîåíèå öåïè
ìàêðîìîëåêóëû
2. #Ïîâòîðÿþùååñÿ ñîñòàâíîå çâåíî# Íàèìåíüøåå åäèíñòâåííî
Íäï.
&Ýëåìåíòàðíîå çâåíî&
âîçìîæíîå ñîñòàâíîå çâåíî,
E. &Constitutional repeating
unit& êîòîðîå ìíîãîêðàòíî
F.
Motif constitutionnel
ïîâòîðÿåòñÿ
3. #Ìîíîìåð# Âåùåñòâî, êàæäàÿ
ìîëåêóëà
D.
Monomer
êîòîðîãî ìîæåò îáðàçîâàòü
E.
Monomer îäíî
èëè íåñêîëüêî ñîñòàâíûõ
F.
èëè ïîâòîðÿþùèõñÿ
ñîñòàâíûõ
çâåíüåâ
4. #Ïîëèìåð# Âåùåñòâî,
õàðàêòåðèçóþùååñÿ
D.
Polymer ìíîãîêðàòíûì
ïîâòîðåíèåì
E.
Polymer îäíîãî
èëè áîëåå ñîñòàâíûõ
F.
çâåíüåâ, ñîåäèíåííûõ
ìåæäó
ñîáîé â
êîëè÷åñòâå,
äîñòàòî÷íîì äëÿ ïðîÿâëåíèÿ
êîìïëåêñà
ñâîéñòâ, êîòîðûé
îñòàåòñÿ
ïðàêòè÷åñêè
íåèçìåííûì ïðè äîáàâëåíèè
èëè
óäàëåíèè îäíîãî èëè
íåñêîëüêèõ ñîñòàâíûõ çâåíüåâ
5. #Ãîìîöåïíîé ïîëèìåð# Ïîëèìåð, îñíîâíàÿ öåïü
D.
Homoketten-Polymer
êîòîðîãî ïîñòðîåíà èç àòîìîâ
E.
Homochain polymer
îäèíàêîâûõ ýëåìåíòîâ.
F.
Ïðèìå÷àíèå. Ïîä îñíîâíîé
öåïüþ
ïîëèìåðà ïîíèìàþò
òàêóþ
ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòü
õèìè÷åñêè
ñâÿçàííûõ àòîìîâ,
êîòîðàÿ
èìååò ñóùåñòâåííî
áîëüøóþ
äëèíó, ÷åì äëèíà
áîêîâûõ
îòâåòâëåíèé
6. #Êàðáîöåïíîé ïîëèìåð# Ãîìîöåïíîé ïîëèìåð,
D.
Kohlenstoffketten-Polymer
îñíîâíàÿ öåïü êîòîðîãî
E.
Carbon-chain polymer
ïîñòðîåíà èç àòîìîâ óãëåðîäà
F.
7. #Ãåòåðîöåïíîé ïîëèìåð# Ïîëèìåð, îñíîâíàÿ öåïü
D.
Heteroketten-Polymer
êîòîðîãî ïîñòðîåíà èç àòîìîâ
E.
Hetero-chain polymer
ðàçëè÷íûõ ýëåìåíòîâ
F.
8. #Îëèãîìåð# Âåùåñòâî, ìîëåêóëû
êîòîðîãî
D.
Oligomer
ñîäåðæàò ñîñòàâíûå çâåíüÿ,
F.
Oligomer
ñîåäèíåííûå ïîâòîðÿþùèìñÿ
F.
îáðàçîì äðóã ñ äðóãîì,
êîìïëåêñ
ñâîéñòâ êîòîðîãî
èçìåíÿåòñÿ ïðè äîáàâëåíèè
èëè
óäàëåíèè îäíîãî èëè
íåñêîëüêèõ ñîñòàâíûõ
çâåíüåâ
9. #Ñèíòåòè÷åñêàÿ ñìîëà# Îëèãîìåð, ìîíîìåð èëè èõ
D.
Synthetische Harz ñìåñü,
ñïîñîáíàÿ ïðè
E.
Synthetic resin
ïåðåðàáîòêå â ðåçóëüòàòå
F.
îòâåðæäåíèÿ ïðåâðàùàòüñÿ â
ïîëèìåð
òðåõìåðíîé ñòðóêòóðû
10. #Ïëàñòè÷åñêàÿ ìàññà# Ìàòåðèàë, ïðåäñòàâëÿþùèé
Ïëàñòìàññà ñîáîé êîìïîçèöèþ
ïîëèìåðà
Íäï.
&Ïëàñòèê&
èëè îëèãîìåðà ñ ðàçëè÷íûìè
D.
Plast, Kunststoff
èíãðåäèåíòàìè, íàõîäÿùóþñÿ
E.
Plastic ïðè
ôîðìîâàíèè èçäåëèé â
F.
âÿçêîòåêó÷åì èëè
âûñîêîýëàñòè÷íîì ñîñòîÿíèè,
à ïðè
ýêñïëóàòàöèè -
â
ñòåêëîîáðàçíîì èëè
êðèñòàëëè÷åñêîì ñîñòîÿíèè
ÏÎËÈÌÅÐÛ
11. #Ïðîñòîé ïîëèýôèð# Ïîëèìåð, ïîâòîðÿþùèåñÿ
D.
ñîñòàâíûå çâåíüÿ
êîòîðîãî
E.
Polyether
ñîåäèíåíû ïðîñòîé ýôèðíîé
F.
ñâÿçüþ
12. #Ïîëèýòèëåíîêñèä# Ïðîñòîé ïîëèýôèð ñî
ÏÝÎÊ ñòðóêòóðíîé
ôîðìóëîé
D.
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ ñîñòàâíîãî
E.
Poly (ethylene oxide) çâåíà
F.
Poly (
oxyde)
13. #Ñëîæíûé ïîëèýôèð# Ïîëèìåð, ïîâòîðÿþùèåñÿ
D.
Polyester ñîñòàâíûå çâåíüÿ êîòîðîãî
E.
Polyester
ñîåäèíåíû ñëîæíîýôèðíîé
F.
Polyester ñâÿçüþ
14. #Ïîëèàðèëàò#
Àðîìàòè÷åñêèé
ñëîæíûé
ÏÀÐ ïîëèýôèð
D.
Polyarylat
E.
Polyarylate
F.
Polyarylate
15. #Ïîëèêàðáîíàò# Ñëîæíûé ïîëèýôèð óãîëüíîé
ÏÊ êèñëîòû è
äèîêñèñîåäèíåíèé
D.
Polykarbonat
E.
Polycarbonate
F.
Polycarbonate
16. #Ïîëèýòèëåíòåðåôòàëàò# Ñëîæíûé ïîëèýôèð
ÏÝÒÔ òåðåôòàëåâîé
êèñëîòû
D.
è ýòèëåíãëèêîëÿ
E. Poly (ethylene terephthalate)
<*>
F. Poly (
)
--------------------------------
<*> Â ýòîì
ñëó÷àå è äàëåå ïî òåêñòó ñîáëþäåíî ïðàâèëî Ìåæäóíàðîäíîãî ñîþçà ïî òåîðåòè÷åñêîé
è ïðèêëàäíîé õèìèè (ÈÞÏÀÊ): êîãäà çà ïðèñòàâêîé "ïîëè" ñëåäóåò
ñëîæíîå âûðàæåíèå, ñîñòîÿùåå áîëåå, ÷åì èç îäíîé ÷àñòè èëè ñëîâà, ýòî âûðàæåíèå
ïèøåòñÿ â ñêîáêàõ. Ýòî ïðàâèëî ñîáëþäåíî äëÿ ýêâèâàëåíòîâ íà àíãëèéñêîì è
ôðàíöóçñêîì ÿçûêàõ â ñòàíäàðòå ÈÑÎ 472-1979 "Ïëàñòìàññû. Ñëîâàðü",
ðàçäåë "Íàèìåíîâàíèÿ õèìè÷åñêèå".
─────────────────────────────────────┬────────────────────────────
Òåðìèí │ Îïðåäåëåíèå
─────────────────────────────────────┴────────────────────────────
17. #Ïîëèâèíèëîâûé ñïèðò# Ïîëèìåð ãèïîòåòè÷åñêîãî
ÏÂÑÏ âèíèëîâîãî
ñïèðòà ñî
D.
Polyvinylalkohol
ñòðóêòóðíîé ôîðìóëîé
E.
Poly (vinyl alcohol)
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ ñîñòàâíîãî
F. Poly (alcohol de vinyle) çâåíà
18. #Ïîëèâèíèëõëîðèä# Ïîëèìåð âèíèëõëîðèäà ñî
ÏÂÕ ñòðóêòóðíîé
ôîðìóëîé
D.
Polyvinylchlorid
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ ñîñòàâíîãî
E.
Poly (vinyl chloride) çâåíà
F. Poly (chlorure de vinyle)
19. #Ïîëèâèíèëèäåíõëîðèä# Ïîëèìåð âèíèëèäåíõëîðèäà
ÏÂÄÕ ñî
ñòðóêòóðíîé ôîðìóëîé
D.
Polyvinylidenchlorid
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ ñîñòàâíîãî
E.
Poly (vinylidene chloride) çâåíà
F.
Poly (chlorure de
)
20. #Ïîëèâèíèëôòîðèä# Ïîëèìåð âèíèëôòîðèäà
ÏÂÔ ñî
ñòðóêòóðíîé ôîðìóëîé
D.
Polyvinylfluorid
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ ñîñòàâíîãî
E.
Poly (vinyl fluoride) çâåíà
F. Poly (fluorure de vinyle)
21. #Ïîëèâèíèëèäåíôòîðèä# Ïîëèìåð âèíèëèäåíôòîðèäà
ÏÂÄÔ ñî
ñòðóêòóðíîé ôîðìóëîé
D.
Polyvinylidenfluorid
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ ñîñòàâíîãî
E.
Poly (vinylidene fluoride) çâåíà
F.
Poly (fluorure de
)
22. #Ïîëèâèíèëàöåòàò# Ïîëèìåð âèíèëàöåòàòà
ÏÂÀÖ ñî
ñòðóêòóðíîé ôîðìóëîé
D.
Polyvinylacetat
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ ñîñòàâíîãî
E.
Poly (vinyl acetate) çâåíà
F.
Poly (
de
vinyle)
23. #Ïîëèàêðèëîíèòðèë# Ïîëèìåð àêðèëîíèòðèëà
ÏÀÊÍ ñî ñòðóêòóðíîé ôîðìóëîé
D.
Polyakrylnitril
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ ñîñòàâíîãî
E.
Polyacrylonitrile çâåíà
F.
Polyacrylonitrile
24. #Ïîëèñòèðîë# Ïîëèìåð ñòèðîëà ñî
ÏÑ ñòðóêòóðíîé
ôîðìóëîé
D.
Polystyrol
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ ñîñòàâíîãî
E.
Polystyrene çâåíà
F.
25. #Ïîëèîëåôèí# Êàðáîöåïíîé ïîëèìåð,
D.
Polyolefine
ñîäåðæàùèé â êà÷åñòâå
Å.
Polyolefine
çàìåñòèòåëåé ó óãëåðîäà
F.
îñíîâíîé öåïè âîäîðîä
è
(èëè)
àëêèë
26. #Ïîëèýòèëåí# Ïîëèìåð ýòèëåíà ñ
ÏÝ
ïðåîáëàäàþùèì ñòðîåíèåì
D.
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ
ñîñòàâíîãî
E.
Polyethylene çâåíà
F.
27. #Ïîëèïðîïèëåí# Ïîëèìåð ïðîïèëåíà ñî
ÏÏ ñòðóêòóðíîé
ôîðìóëîé
D.
Polypropylen
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ ñîñòàâíîãî
E.
Polypropylene çâåíà
F.
28. #Ïîëèáóòèëåí#
Ïîëèìåð áóòèëåíà
ñî
ÏÁ ñòðóêòóðíîé
ôîðìóëîé
D.
Polybutylen
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ ñîñòàâíîãî
E.
Polybutylene çâåíà
F.
29. #Ïîëèèçîáóòèëåí# Ïîëèìåð èçîáóòèëåíà ñî
ÏÈÁ ñòðóêòóðíîé
ôîðìóëîé
Íäï.
&Ïîëè-2-ìåòèëïðîïàí&
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ ñîñòàâíîãî
D.
Polyisobutylen çâåíà
F.
Polyisobutylene
F.
30. #Ïîëèòðèôòîðõëîðýòèëåí# Ïîëèìåð òðèôòîðõëîðýòèëåíà
ÏÒÔÕÝ ñî ñòðóêòóðíîé
ôîðìóëîé
Íäï.
&Ôòîðîïëàñò-3&
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ ñîñòàâíîãî
D.
çâåíà
E.
Polychlorotrifluoroethylene
F.
31. #Ïîëèòåòðàôòîðýòèëåí# Ïîëèìåð òåòðàôòîðýòèëåíà
ÏÒÔÝ ñî ñòðóêòóðíîé ôîðìóëîé
Íäï.
&Ôòîðîïëàñò-4&
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ ñîñòàâíîãî
D.
çâåíà
E.
Polytetrafluorethylene
F.
32. #Ïîëèàêðèëàò# Êàðáîöåïíîé ïîëèìåð
ÏÀÊ ñëîæíîãî
ýôèðà àêðèëîâîé
D.
Polyakrylat
êèñëîòû, åå ãîìîëîãîâ èëè
E.
Polyacrylate
çàìåùåííûõ ïðîèçâîäíûõ ñî
F.
Polyacrylate
ñòðóêòóðíîé ôîðìóëîé
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ ñîñòàâíîãî
çâåíà
ãäå R -
àëêèëüíûé èëè
àðèëüíûé
ðàäèêàë
33. #Ïîëèìåòèëìåòàêðèëàò# Ïîëèàêðèëàò ñî ñòðóêòóðíîé
ÏÌÌÀ ôîðìóëîé
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ
D.
Polymethylmethakrylat
ñîñòàâíîãî çâåíà
E.
Poly (methyl methacrylate)
F.
Poly (
)
34. #Ïîëèàìèä# Ïîëèìåð, ïîâòîðÿþùèåñÿ
ÏÀ ñîñòàâíûå
çâåíüÿ êîòîðîãî
D.
Polyamid ñîåäèíåíû àìèäíîé ñâÿçüþ
E.
Polyamide
F.
Polyamide
35. #Ïîëèèìèä# Ãåòåðîöåïíîé ïîëèìåð,
ÏÈ ñîñòàâíûå
çâåíüÿ êîòîðîãî
D.
Polyimid
ñîåäèíåíû èìèäíîé ñâÿçüþ
E.
Polyimide
F.
Polyimide
36. #Ïîëèóðåòàí# Ãåòåðîöåïíîé ïîëèìåð,
ÏÓÐ ñîñòàâíûå
çâåíüÿ êîòîðîãî
D.
Polyurethan
ñîåäèíåíû óðåòàíîâîé ñâÿçüþ
E.
Polyurethane
F.
37. #Ïîëèàöåòàëü# Ãåòåðîöåïíîé ïîëèìåð ñî
ÏÀÖË ñòðóêòóðíîé
ôîðìóëîé
D.
Polyacetal
ñîñòàâíîãî çâåíà
E.
Polyacetal
F.
ãäå R' -
àëêèëüíûé
áèðàäèêàë;
R - H èëè
àëêèëüíûé ðàäèêàë
38. #Ïîëèôîðìàëüäåãèä# Ïîëèàöåòàëü ñî ñòðóêòóðíîé
ÏÔ ôîðìóëîé
ïîâòîðÿþùåãîñÿ
Íäï.
&Ïîëèîêñèìåòèëåí,
ñîñòàâíîãî çâåíà
ïîëèìåòèëåíîêñèä&
D. Polyformaldehyd
E. Polyformaldehyde,
polyoxymethylene, Polymethyleneoxide
F.
39. #Ïîëèâèíèëàöåòàëü# Êàðáîöåïíîé ïîëèìåð
ÏÂÀÖË ñî ñòðóêòóðíîé
ôîðìóëîé
D.
Polyvinylazetal
ñîñòàâíîãî çâåíà
E.
Poly (vinyl acetal)
F.
Poly (
de
vinyle)
ãäå R -
óãëåâîäîðîäíûé
ðàäèêàë
èëè H
40. #Ïîëèâèíèëôîðìàëü# Ïîëèâèíèëàöåòàëü ñî
ÏÂÔÌ ñòðóêòóðíîé
ôîðìóëîé
D. Polyvinylformal ñîñòàâíîãî çâåíà
E. Poly (vinyl formal)
F. Poly (formal de vinyle)
41. #Ïîëèâèíèëáóòèðàëü# Ïîëèâèíèëàöåòàëü ñî
ÏÂÁ ñòðóêòóðíîé
ôîðìóëîé
D.
Polyvinylbutyral
ñîñòàâíîãî çâåíà
E.
Poly (vinyl butyral)
F. Poly (butyral de vinyle)
42. #Êðåìíèéîðãàíè÷åñêèé ïîëèìåð# Ïîëèìåð, ñîñòàâíîå çâåíî
ÊÎ êîòîðîãî
ñîäåðæèò àòîìû
D.
Organosilikonpolymer
êðåìíèÿ è îðãàíè÷åñêèå
E.
Organosilicone polymer ãðóïïû
F.
organosilicique
ÑÈÍÒÅÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÑÌÎËÛ
43. #Àìèíîñìîëà# Ñèíòåòè÷åñêàÿ ñìîëà íà
D.
Aminoplastharz îñíîâå
àëüäåãèäà è âåùåñòâ,
E.
Amino resin
ñîäåðæàùèõ àìèíîãðóïïó
F.
aminique
44. #Àíèëèíîôîðìàëüäåãèäíàÿ ñìîëà# Àìèíîñìîëà íà îñíîâå
ÀÔ àíèëèíà è
ôîðìàëüäåãèäà
D.
Anilin-Formaldehydharz
E. Aniline-formaldehyde resin
F.
aniline-
45. #Ìåëàìèíîôîðìàëüäåãèäíàÿ ñìîëà# Àìèíîñìîëà íà îñíîâå
ÌÔ ìåëàìèíà è
ôîðìàëüäåãèäà
D.
Melamin-Formaldehydharz
E. Melamine-formaldehyde resin
F.
46. #Êàðáàìèäîôîðìàëüäåãèäíàÿ ñìîëà# Àìèíîñìîëà íà îñíîâå
ÊÔ êàðáàìèäà è
ôîðìàëüäåãèäà
D. Karbamid-Formaldehydharz,
Karbamidharz
E. Urea-formaldehyde resin
F.
47. #Òèîêàðáàìèäîôîðìàëüäåãèäíàÿ Àìèíîñìîëà íà îñíîâå
ñìîëà# òèîêàðáàìèäà è
ôîðìàëüäåãèäà
ÒÊÔ
D. Thioharnstofformaldehydharz
E. Thiourea-formaldehyde resin
F.
48. #Ôåíîëüíàÿ ñìîëà# Ñèíòåòè÷åñêàÿ ñìîëà íà
D.
Phenolharz îñíîâå
ôåíîëà, åãî ãîìîëîãîâ
E.
Phenolic resin èëè
åãî ïðîèçâîäíûõ è
F.
àëüäåãèäîâ èëè êåòîíîâ
49. #Ôåíîëîôîðìàëüäåãèäíàÿ ñìîëà# Ôåíîëüíàÿ ñìîëà íà îñíîâå
ÔÔ ôåíîëà è
ôîðìàëüäåãèäà
D.
Phenol-Formaldehydharz
E. Phenol-formaldehyde resin
F.
50. #Êñèëåíîëüíàÿ ñìîëà# Ôåíîëüíàÿ ñìîëà íà îñíîâå
ÊÑ êñèëåíîëà è
àëüäåãèäà èëè
D.
Xylenolharz êåòîíà
E.
Xylenol resin
F.
51. #Êðåçîëüíàÿ ñìîëà# Ôåíîëüíàÿ ñìîëà íà îñíîâå
ÊÐ êðåçîëà è
àëüäåãèäà èëè
D.
Kresolharz êåòîíà
E.
Cresol resin
F.
52. #Êðåçîëîôîðìàëüäåãèäíàÿ ñìîëà# Ôåíîëüíàÿ ñìîëà íà îñíîâå
ÊÐÔ êðåçîëà è
ôîðìàëüäåãèäà
D.
Kresol-Formaldehydharz
E. Cresol-formaldehyde resin
F.
53. #Ôåíîëîôóðôóðîëüíàÿ ñìîëà# Ñèíòåòè÷åñêàÿ ñìîëà íà
ÔÔÖ îñíîâå
ôåíîëà è
D. Phenol-Furfurol-Harz ôóðôóðîëà
E. Phenol-furfural resin
F.
-furfural
54. #Ôóðàíîâàÿ ñìîëà# Ñèíòåòè÷åñêàÿ ñìîëà,
ÔÓÐ ñîñòàâíîå
çâåíî êîòîðîé
D.
Furanharz
ñîäåðæèò ôóðàíîâîå êîëüöî
E.
Furan resin
F.
furannique
55. #Ýïîêñèäíàÿ ñìîëà# Ñèíòåòè÷åñêàÿ ñìîëà, â
ÝÏ ìîëåêóëå
êîòîðîé íå ìåíåå
D.
Epoxydharz äâóõ
ñîñòàâíûõ çâåíüåâ
E.
Epoxy resin ñîäåðæàò ïî ýïîêñèäíîé èëè
F.
ãëèöèäèëîâîé ãðóïïå
56. #Êðåìíèéîðãàíè÷åñêàÿ ñìîëà# Ñèíòåòè÷åñêàÿ ñìîëà
D.
Organosilikonharz ñî
ñòðóêòóðíîé ôîðìóëîé
E.
Organosilicone resin
ñîñòàâíîãî çâåíà
F.
organosilicique
ãäå R -
îðãàíè÷åñêèé
ðàäèêàë;
n - â
ñðåäíåì ìåíåå 2
57. #Íåíàñûùåííàÿ ïîëèýôèðíàÿ ñìîëà# Ñèíòåòè÷åñêàÿ ñìîëà íà
ÏÍ îñíîâå
ñëîæíîãî ïîëèýôèðà
D.
polyesterharz ôóìàðîâîé èëè ìàëåèíîâîé
E.
Unsaturated polyester resin
êèñëîòû èëè àíãèäðèäà è
F.
polyester non
äèîëîâ ñ îáÿçàòåëüíûì
ïðèñóòñòâèåì ìîíîìåðà
ÏËÀÑÒÌÀÑÑÛ
58. #Àìèíîïëàñò# Ïëàñòìàññà íà îñíîâå
D. Aminoplast àìèíîñìîë
E. Aminoplastic
F. Aminoplaste
59. #Ôåíîïëàñò# Ïëàñòìàññà íà îñíîâå
D.
Phenoplast
ôåíîëüíûõ ñìîë
E.
Phenolic plastic
F.
60. #Ôòîðîïëàñò# Ïëàñòìàññà íà îñíîâå
E.
Fluoroplastic
ôòîðñîäåðæàùèõ
F.
Plastique
ïîëèîëåôèíîâ è (èëè) èõ
ñîïîëèìåðîâ
ÀËÔÀÂÈÒÍÛÉ
ÓÊÀÇÀÒÅËÜ ÒÅÐÌÈÍΠÍÀ ÐÓÑÑÊÎÌ ßÇÛÊÅ
#Àìèíîïëàñò#
58
#Àìèíîñìîëà#
43
ÀÔ
44
#Çâåíî ñîñòàâíîå#
1
#Çâåíî ñîñòàâíîå ïîâòîðÿþùååñÿ# 2
&Çâåíî ýëåìåíòàðíîå& 2
ÊÎ
42
ÊÐ
51
ÊÐÔ
52
ÊÑ 50
ÊÔ
46
#Ìàññà ïëàñòè÷åñêàÿ# 10
#Ìîíîìåð#
3
ÌÔ 45
#Îëèãîìåð#
8
ÏÀ
34
ÏÀÊ
32
ÏÀÊÍ
23
ÏÀÐ
14
ÏÀÖË
37
ÏÁ
28
ÏÂÀÖ 22
ÏÂÀÖË
39
ÏÂÁ
41
ÏÂÄÔ
21
ÏÂÄÕ
19
ÏÂÑÏ
17
ÏÂÔ
20
ÏÂÔÌ 40
ÏÂÕ
18
ÏÈ
35
ÏÈÁ
29
ÏÊ 15
&Ïëàñòèê&
10
Ïëàñòìàññà
10
ÏÌÌÀ
33
ÏÍ
57
#Ïîëèàêðèëàò#
32
#Ïîëèàêðèëîíèòðèë#
23
#Ïîëèàìèä# 34
#Ïîëèàðèëàò#
14
#Ïîëèàöåòàëü#
37
#Ïîëèáóòèëåí#
28
#Ïîëèâèíèëàöåòàëü# 39
#Ïîëèâèíèëàöåòàò#
22
#Ïîëèâèíèëáóòèðàëü# 41
#Ïîëèâèíèëèäåíôòîðèä# 21
#Ïîëèâèíèëèäåíõëîðèä# 19
#Ïîëèâèíèëôîðìàëü#
40
#Ïîëèâèíèëôòîðèä#
20
#Ïîëèâèíèëõëîðèä#
18
#Ïîëèèçîáóòèëåí#
29
#Ïîëèèìèä#
35
#Ïîëèêàðáîíàò#
15
#Ïîëèìåð#
4
#Ïîëèìåð ãåòåðîöåïíîé# 7
#Ïîëèìåð ãîìîöåïíîé# 5
#Ïîëèìåð êàðáîöåïíîé# 6
#Ïîëèìåð êðåìíèéîðãàíè÷åñêèé# 42
&Ïîëèìåòèëåíîêñèä&
38
#Ïîëèìåòèëìåòàêðèëàò# 33
&Ïîëè-2-ìåòèëïðîïàí& 29
&Ïîëèîêñèìåòèëåí&
38
#Ïîëèîëåôèí#
25
#Ïîëèïðîïèëåí#
27
#Ïîëèñòèðîë# 24
#Ïîëèòåòðàôòîðýòèëåí# 31
#Ïîëèòðèôòîðõëîðýòèëåí# 30
#Ïîëèóðåòàí#
36
#Ïîëèôîðìàëüäåãèä# 38
#Ïîëèýòèëåí#
26
#Ïîëèýòèëåíîêñèä#
12
#Ïîëèýòèëåíòåðåôòàëàò# 16
#Ïîëèýôèð ïðîñòîé# 11
#Ïîëèýôèð ñëîæíûé#
13
ÏÏ
27
ÏÑ
24
ÏÒÔÕÝ
30
ÏÒÔÝ
31
ÏÓÐ
36
ÏÔ
38
ÏÝ 26
ÏÝÎÊ
12
ÏÝÒÔ
16
#Ñìîëà àíèëèíîôîðìàëüäåãèäíàÿ# 44
#Ñìîëà êàðáàìèäîôîðìàëüäåãèäíàÿ# 46
#Ñìîëà êðåçîëîôîðìàëüäåãèäíàÿ# 52
#Ñìîëà êðåçîëüíàÿ#
51
#Ñìîëà êðåìíèéîðãàíè÷åñêàÿ# 56
#Ñìîëà êñèëåíîëüíàÿ# 50
#Ñìîëà ìåëàìèíîôîðìàëüäåãèäíàÿ# 45
#Ñìîëà ïîëèýôèðíàÿ íåíàñûùåííàÿ# 57
#Ñìîëà ñèíòåòè÷åñêàÿ# 9
#Ñìîëà òèîêàðáàìèäîôîðìàëüäåãèäíàÿ# 47
#Ñìîëà ôåíîëüíàÿ#
48
#Ñìîëà ôåíîëîôîðìàëüäåãèäíàÿ# 49
#Ñìîëà ôåíîëîôóðôóðîëüíàÿ# 53
#Ñìîëà ôóðàíîâàÿ#
54
#Ñìîëà ýïîêñèäíàÿ#
55
#Ñïèðò ïîëèâèíèëîâûé# 17
ÒÊÔ
47
#Ôåíîïëàñò#
59
#Ôòîðîïëàñò#
60
&Ôòîðîïëàñò-3& 30
&Ôòîðîïëàñò-4&
31
ÔÓÐ
54
ÔÔ
49
ÔÔÖ
53
ÝÏ
55
ÀËÔÀÂÈÒÍÛÉ
ÓÊÀÇÀÒÅËÜ ÒÅÐÌÈÍΠÍÀ ÍÅÌÅÖÊÎÌ ßÇÛÊÅ
Aminoplast
58
Aminoplastharz 43
Anilin-Formaldehydharz 44
Epoxydharz
55
Furanharz
54
Heteroketten-Polymer 7
Homoketten-Polymer
5
Karbamid-Formaldehydharz 46
Kohlenstoffketten-Polymer 6
Kresol-Formaldehydharz 52
Kresolharz
51
Kunststoff
10
Melamin-Formaldehydharz 45
Monomer
3
Oligomer
8
Organosilikonharz
56
Phenol-Formaldehydharz 49
Phenol-Furfurol
Harz
53
Phenoplast
59
Phenolharz
48
Plast 10
Polyakrylat
32
Polyakrylnitril
23
Polyamid
34
Polyarylate
14
11
26
12
16
Polyacetal
37
Polybutylen 28
Polyester
13
Polyformaldehyd
38
Polyimid
35
Polyisobutylen
29
Polykarbonat
15
Polymer
4
Polymethylenoxyd 38
Polymethylmetakrylat 33
Polyolefin
25
Polyoxymethylen
38
Polypropylen 27
Polystyrol
24
31
30
Polyurethan
36
Polyvinilalkohol
17
Polyvinilacetal
39
Polyvinilacetat 22
Polyvinylbutyral
41
Polyvinylchlorid
18
Polyvinylfluorid
20
Polyvinylformal 40
Polyvinylidenchlorid 19
Polyvinylidenfluorid 21
Synthetische
Harz
9
Potyesterharz 57
Xylenolharz
50
ÀËÔÀÂÈÒÍÛÉ
ÓÊÀÇÀÒÅËÜ ÒÅÐÌÈÍΠÍÀ ÀÍÃËÈÉÑÊÎÌ ßÇÛÊÅ
Aminoplastic
58
Amino
resin
43
Aniline-formaldehyde
resin
44
Carbon-chain
polymer 6
Constitutional
repeating unit 2
Constitutional
unit 1
Cresol-formaldehyde
resin
52
Cresol
resin
51
Epoxy
resin 55
Fluoroplastic
60
Furan
resin
54
Hetero-chain
polymer 7
Homochain
polymer 5
Melamine-formaldehyde
resin
45
Monomer
3
Oligomer
8
Organosilicone
polymer
42
Organosilicone
resin
56
Phenol-formaldehyde
resin
49
Phenol-furfural
resin
53
Phenolic
plastic
59
Phenolic
resin
48
Plastic
10
Polyacetal
37
Polyacrylate
32
Polyacrylonitrile
23
Polyamide 34
Polyarylate
14
Polybutylene
28
Polycarbonate
15
Polychlorotrifluoroethylene 30
Polyester
13
Polyether
11
Polyethylene
26
Poly
(ethylene oxide) 12
Poly
(ethylene terephthalate) 16
Polyformaldehyde
38
Polyimide
35
Polyisobutylene 29
Polycarbonate
15
Polymer
4
Polymethyleneoxide
38
Poly
(methyl methacrylate) 33
Polyolefin
25
Polyoxymethylene
38
Polypropylene
27
Polystyrene
24
Polytetrafluorethylene 31
Polyurethane
36
Poly
(vinyl acetal)
39
Poly
(vinyl acetate) 22
Poly
(vinyl alcohol) 17
Poly
(vinyl butyral) 41
Poly
(vinyl chloride) 18
Poly
(vinyl fluoride) 20
Poly
(vinyl formal) 40
Poly
(vinylidene chloride) 19
Poly
(vinylidene fluoride) 21
Synthetic
resin
9
Thiourea-formaldehyde
resin
47
Unsaturated
polyester resin 57
Urea-formaldehyde
resin
46
Xylenol
resin
50
ÀËÔÀÂÈÒÍÛÉ
ÓÊÀÇÀÒÅËÜ ÒÅÐÌÈÍΠÍÀ ÔÐÀÍÖÓÇÑÊÎÌ ßÇÛÊÅ
Aminoplaste 58
plastique
10
3
Motif
constitutionnel 1
Motif
constitutionnel
2
8
59
Plastique
60
37
Poly
(
de vinyle) 39
Poly
(
de vinyle) 22
Polyacrylate
32
Polyacrylonitrile
23
Poly
(alcohol de vinyle) 17
Polyamide
34
Polyarylate
14
18
Poly
(butyral de vinyle) 41
Polycarbonate
15
30
Poly
(chlorure de vinyle) 18
Poly
(chlorure de
) 19
Polyester
13
11
26
Poly
(
oxyde) 12
Poly
(
) 16
Poly
(fluorure de vinyle) 20
Poly
(fluorure de
) 21
38
Poly
(formal de vinyle) 40
Polyimide
35
29
4
6
7
5
organosilicique 42
Poly
(
) 33
25
38
27
24
31
36
aminique
43
aniline-
44
52
51
55
furannique
54
45
organosilicique 56
40
-furfural 53
48
polyester non
57
9
47
46
50
Ïðèëîæåíèå
1
Ñïðàâî÷íîå
ÏÐÀÂÈËÀ
ÏÎÑÒÐÎÅÍÈß ÍÀÈÌÅÍÎÂÀÍÈÉ ÏËÀÑÒÌÀÑÑ
Ïðàâèëà ïîñòðîåíèÿ
íàèìåíîâàíèÿ ïëàñòìàññû îñíîâûâàåòñÿ íà íàèìåíîâàíèè ïîëèìåðà, îëèãîìåðà èëè
ñèíòåòè÷åñêîé ñìîëû, êîòîðûå ÿâëÿþòñÿ ñóùåñòâåííîé ñîñòàâíîé ÷àñòüþ ïëàñòìàññû.
Åñëè
íîðìàòèâíî-òåõíè÷åñêàÿ äîêóìåíòàöèÿ ðàñïðîñòðàíÿåòñÿ íà ïîëèìåðû è ïëàñòìàññû
íà èõ îñíîâå, òî ýòî íåîáõîäèìî îòðàçèòü â íàèìåíîâàíèè íîðìàòèâíî-òåõíè÷åñêîé
äîêóìåíòàöèè.
Íàïðèìåð,
"Ïîëèêàðáîíàòû è ïëàñòìàññà íà îñíîâå ïîëèêàðáîíàòîâ";
"Ïîëèýòèëåí è ïëàñòìàññà íà îñíîâå ïîëèýòèëåíà";
"Ïîëèâèíèëõëîðèä, ñîïîëèìåðû âèíèëõëîðèäà è ïëàñòìàññà íà îñíîâå
ïîëèâèíèëõëîðèäà è ñîïîëèìåðîâ âèíèëõëîðèäà"; "Ïîëèòåòðàôòîðýòèëåí è
ôòîðîïëàñò-4".
Ïðèëîæåíèå
2
Ñïðàâî÷íîå
ÒÅÐÌÈÍÛ È
ÎÏÐÅÄÅËÅÍÈß ÎÁÙÈÕ ÏÎÍßÒÈÉ,
ÏÐÈÌÅÍßÅÌÛÕ Â
ÑÒÀÍÄÀÐÒÅ
──────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────────
Òåðìèí │ Îïðåäåëåíèå
──────────────────────┼───────────────────────────────────────────
1.
Èíãðåäèåíò ïîëèìåðà│ Äîáàâêà, êîòîðóþ ââîäÿò â ïîëèìåð
│äëÿ ïðèäàíèÿ åìó
òðåáóåìûõ ñâîéñòâ
│è îáëåã÷åíèÿ
ïåðåðàáîòêè.
│ Ïðèìå÷àíèå.
Îñíîâíûå ãðóïïû èíãðåäèåíòîâ:
│íàïîëíèòåëè,
│ïëàñòèôèêàòîðû,
│ñòàáèëèçàòîðû,
│êðàñèòåëè,
│ñøèâàþùèå àãåíòû,
│ñòðóêòóðîîáðàçîâàòåëè,
│ïîðîîáðàçîâàòåëè,
│ñìàçêè,
│àíòèïèðåíû,
│àíòèñòàòèêè,
│àíòèìèêðîáíûå
àãåíòû,
│àíòèôðèêöèîííûå
äîáàâêè,
│îòâåðäèòåëè,
│óñêîðèòåëè
îòâåðæäåíèÿ
│
2.
Ñìîëà │ Òâåðäîå,
ïîëóòâåðäîå èëè ïñåâäîòâåðäîå
│îðãàíè÷åñêîå âåùåñòâî íåîïðåäåëåííîé
│è
âûñîêîìîëåêóëÿðíîé ìàññû, ïðîÿâëÿþùåå
│ïîä íàãðóçêîé
òåíäåíöèþ ê òå÷åíèþ,
│ðàçìÿã÷àþùååñÿ èëè
ïëàâÿùååñÿ
│â óñòàíîâëåííîì äèàïàçîíå
òåìïåðàòóð
│è ðàçðóøåíèå
êîòîðîãî îáû÷íî ïðîÿâëÿåòñÿ
│â ðàêîâèñòûõ
èçëîìàõ
3.
Ïðèðîäíàÿ ñìîëà │ Ñìîëà
ðàñòèòåëüíîãî ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ,
│êðîìå øåëëàêà,
ñîäåðæàùàÿñÿ â æèäêîñòÿõ,
│êîòîðûå âûäåëÿþòñÿ íà
ïîâåðõíîñòü êîðû
│äåðåâüåâ
4.
Ãîìîïîëèìåð │ Ïîëèìåð,
îáðàçîâàííûé èç ìîíîìåðà îäíîãî
│òèïà
5.
Ñîïîëèìåð │ Ïîëèìåð,
îáðàçîâàííûé èç ìîíîìåðà áîëåå
│÷åì îäíîãî òèïà